【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforSpecificGravityofSoilSolidsbyWaterPycnometer
【原文标准名称】:水比重瓶法测定土壤固体物的比重的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD854-2010
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2010
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.03
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Pycnometer/pycnometry;Soil;Specificgravity--soil
【摘要】:Thespecificgravityofasoilsolidsisusedincalculatingthephaserelationshipsofsoils,suchasvoidratioanddegreeofsaturation.Thespecificgravityofsoilsolidsisusedtocalculatethedensityofthesoilsolids.Thisisdonebymultiplyingitsspecificgravitybythedensityofwater(atpropertemperature).Thetermsoilsolidsistypicallyassumedtomeannaturallyoccurringmineralparticlesorsoillikeparticlesthatarenotreadilysolubleinwater.Therefore,thespecificgravityofsoilsolidscontainingextraneousmatter,suchascement,lime,andthelike,water-solublematter,suchassodiumchloride,andsoilscontainingmatterwithaspecificgravitylessthanone,typicallyrequirespecialtreatment(seeNote1)oraqualifieddefinitionoftheirspecificgravity.Thebalances,pycnometersizes,andspecimenmassesareestablishedtoobtaintestresultswiththreesignificantdigits.Note28212;Thequalityoftheresultproducedbythesetestmethodsisdependentonthecompetenceofthepersonnelperformingit,andthesuitabilityoftheequipmentandfacilitiesused.AgenciesthatmeetthecriteriaofPracticeD3740aregenerallyconsideredcapableofcompetentandobjectivetesting/sampling/inspection/etc.UsersofthesetestmethodsarecautionedthatcompliancewithPracticeD3740doesnotinitselfassurereliableresults.Reliableresultsdependonmanyfactors;PracticeD3740providesameansofevaluatingsomeofthosefactors.1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationofthespecificgravityofsoilsolidsthatpassthe4.75-mm(No.4)sieve,bymeansofawaterpycnometer.Whenthesoilcontainsparticleslargerthanthe4.75-mmsieve,TestMethodC127shallbeusedforthesoilsolidsretainedonthe4.75-mmsieveandthesetestmethodsshallbeusedforthesoilsolidspassingthe4.75-mmsieve.1.1.1Soilsolidsforthesetestmethodsdonotincludesolidswhichcanbealteredbythesemethods,contaminatedwithasubstancethatprohibitstheuseofthesemethods,orarehighlyorganicsoilsolids,suchasfibrousmatterwhichfloatsinwater.Note18212;TheuseofTestMethodD5550maybeusedtodeterminethespecificgravityofsoilsolidshavingsolidswhichreadilydissolveinwaterorfloatinwater,orwhereitisimpracticabletousewater.1.2Twomethodsforperformingthespecificgravityareprovided.Themethodtobeusedshallbespecifiedbytherequestingauthority,exceptwhentestingthetypesofsoilslistedin1.2.11.2.1MethodA8212;ProcedureforMoistSpecimens,describedin9.2.Thisprocedureisthepreferredmethod.Fororganicsoils;highlyplastic,finegrainedsoils;tropicalsoils;andsoilscontaininghalloysite,MethodAshallbeused.1.2.2MethodB8212;ProcedureforOven-DrySpecimens,describedin9.3.1.3AllobservedandcalculatedvaluesshallconformtotheguidelinesforsignificantdigitsandroundingestablishedinPracticeD6026.1.3.1Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/recordedandcalculatedin......
【中国标准分类号】:B11
【国际标准分类号】:
【页数】:7P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Safetyofmachinery-Basicconcepts,generalprinciplesfordesign-Part2:Technicalprinciples-Amendment1(ISO12100-2:2003/Amd1:2009);EnglishversionofDINENISO12100-2:2003/A1:2009-10
【原文标准名称】:机械安全.设计用基本概念和总则.第2部分:技术原理.修改件1(ISO12100-2-2003/A1-2009).英文版本DINENISO12100-2-2003/A1-2009-10
【标准号】:DINENISO12100-2/A1-2009
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:德国
【发布日期】:2009-10
【实施或试行日期】:2009-10-01
【发布单位】:德国标准化学会(DE-DIN)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:通道;事故预防;解剖结构;解剖学;基本术语;颜色;交付使用;通信;计算机软件;控制;控制系统;转角;设计;尘埃;边;电学;应急的;紧急停车;紧急断开;排放;外壳;供能系统(建筑物);设备安全;人类工效学;误差修正;爆炸危险;故障探测;火灾危险;耐火的;结实;食品机器;断裂;气体;几何特性;指导原则;手工控制;处理;危害;液压装置;指示;工业机械;信息;插入物;生产者检查;使用说明;激光设备;布置;提升拾取器;照明系统;液体;机器;维修;作标记;质量(物质);材料;机械工程;职业安全;操纵装置;操作元件;操作说明;操作台;操作;操作说明书;操作者;步进控制系统;物理性能;气动力学;预防措施;设计原理;特性;保护措施;失去效用;辐射;可靠性;防护;安全;安全设计;安全装置;安全工程;安全功能;安全措施;机械安全;安全要求;座椅;信号装置;信号;规范;规范(验收);稳定性;静力学;开关;符号;系统论;表(数据);温度;术语;贸易;运输;i型防护电气设备;用户信息;速度;振动;警告装置;警告标志;警报系统;废弃物处置;木材;工作场所安全
【英文主题词】:Access;Accidentprevention;Anatomicalconfigurations;Anatomy;Basicterms;Colour;Commissioning;Communication;Computersoftware;Control;Controlsystems;Corners;Design;Dust;Edge;Electricity;Emergency;Emergencyshutdown;Emergency-off;Emission;Enclosure;Energysupplysystems(buildings);Equipmentsafety;Ergonomics;Errorcorrection;Explosionhazard;Faultfinding;Firerisks;Fire-resistant;Firm;Foodstuffmachine;Fracture;Gases;Geometricalproperties;Guidingprinciple;Handcontrol;Handling;Hazards;Hydraulics;Indications;Industrialmachines;Information;Inserts;Inspectionbyproducer;Instructionsforuse;Laserequipment;Layout;Liftingtackle;Lightingsystems;Liquids;Machines;Maintenance;Marking;Mass;Materials;Mechanicalengineering;Occupationalsafety;Operatingdevices;Operatingelements;Operatinginstructions;Operatingstations;Operation;Operationalinstructions;Operators(personnel);Pedestrian-controlledsystems;Physicalproperties;Pneumatics;Precautionarymeasures;Principlesofdesign;Properties;Protectivemeasures;Putoutofaction;Radiation;Reliability;Safeguarding;Safety;Safetydesign;Safetydevices;Safetyengineering;Safetyfunction;Safetymeasures;Safetyofmachinery;Safetyrequirements;Seats;Signaldevices;Signals;Specification;Specification(approval);Stability;Statics;Switches;Symbols;Systemology;Tables(data);Temperature;Terminology;Trade;Transport;Typeiprotectedelectricalequipment;Userinformation;Velocity;Vibration;Warningdevices;Warningnotices;Warningsystem;Wastedisposal;Wood;Workplacesafety
【摘要】:Thisdocument(ENISO12100-2:2003/A1:2009)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeISO/TC199"Safetyofmachinery"incollaborationwithTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC114"Safetyofmachinery"thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN.ThisAmendmenttotheEuropeanStandardENISO12100:2003shallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyDecember2009,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyDecember2009.Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeoftheelementsofthisdocumentmaybethesubjectofpatentrights.CEN[and/orCENELEC]shallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyinganyorallsuchpatentrights.ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropeanFreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofECDirectives.ForrelationshipwithECDirectives,seeinformativeAnnexesZA,ZBandZC,whichareintegralpartsofthisdocument.AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations.thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Romania,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.
【中国标准分类号】:J04
【国际标准分类号】:13_110
【页数】:15P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语